Essay on Lifelong Learner - 837 Words

Those around me would describe me as curious, inquisitive: a lifetime learner. Reading any book I can get my hands on, eyes bleary from late night blog skimming, fingers stained from newspaper print, and eavesdropping on everyday conversation, I am someone who appreciates several tangled avenues of obtaining information and learning. I would say that I am â€Å"just plain nosy.† My first steps along these avenues went well beyond the normal curiosity children exhibit concerning the world surrounding them, because growing up as an African American female in a working class household increased the intensity of my questions. Why, despite both of my parents working 40+ hour weeks, was the rent sometimes late? Or during a particularly†¦show more content†¦My coursework sparked ideas that I couldn’t always articulate, like how the significance of Gauguin’s yellow paint used for the skin color of women of Tahitian women resonated in Jessica Hagedorn’s portrayal of foreign men Dream Jungle. Or being absolutely enraptured by the end of Toni Morrison’s Song of Solomon and desperately wanting to read something else that could evoke more of these experiences. Much like when I was a child, I remain intellectually curious about a number of subjects, but as you cannot exactly major in â€Å"the world,† studying library and information sciences will allow me to engage in a variety of contexts every day. Pursuing an MLIS degree will best prepare me to attain my professional goals of providing others with access to an abundance of resources. Further, I hope to be a part in demonstrating that new technology does not have to be a deterrent to access. I initially developed this goal as a work-study within Jones Library. Most hours were spent shelving nonfiction in a tightly packed basement. An afternoon’s reprieve from shelving cookbooks came in the form of an older man who was unfamiliar with the online catalog system. Being able to verbalize steps to something I did almost every day without a thought, the idea that I could effectively communicate new information to someone, helping them learn strongly resonated with me. Although I did not expect it, working as an administrative associate for a public administrationShow MoreRelatedBecoming a Lifelong Learner1563 Words   |  7 Pageslearning communities is how they foster this idea of lifelong learning. By doing a cross discipline class one see the connections between math and philosophy or science and English. It is through this weaving of one discipline with another that we learn to identify in our lives where our knowledge and our world intersect. But community college was not the only place I looked at, and learning communities were not the only place I saw a strong tie to lifelong learning. Perhaps my favorite program when IRead MoreA Lifelong Learner Must Be Highly Motivated1607 Words   |  7 Pagesbe left tÐ ¾ schools and univÐ µrsities, and that the rÐ µsponsibilitÃ'Æ' for lÐ µÃ °rning thrÐ ¾ughout lifÐ µ and from life liÐ µs with individuÐ °ls. In this sÐ µnse lifelong learning is sustÐ °inÐ °blÐ µ lÐ µÃ °rning – in that it rÐ µliÐ µs Ð ¾n self-directed individual initiÐ °tives rÐ °thÐ µr that hÐ °nding down of knowledge frÐ ¾m Ð µxperts or a centrÐ °l Ð °uthÐ ¾rity (www.ciea.ch). A lifelong learner must be highly motivated to engage in the learning process and he has to have the necessary confidence and skills. According to Knapper and CropleyRead MoreASSESSING LEARNERS IN LIFELONG LEARNING7015 Words   |  29 Pagestherefore is primarily to educate and improve student performance, not merely audit it. Assessment will ensure that learners are fairly, accurately and regularly assessed in a consistent manner, provide diagnostic information that assists both staff and learners/ candidates to provide, appropriate support to enable achievement of the learning outcomes (initial assessment), allow learners/ candidates to monitor their own progress, enable tutors to review and develop their learning programmes to achieveRead MoreEssay about Everyone Is Capable of Becoming a Lifelong Learner1364 Words   |  6 PagesEvery person has the ability to become a lifelong learner. The most important factor to becoming a lifelong learner comes from the direct influence of mentors and guardians that care for children throughout their developmental years. Together, they figure out the best plan of action to teach each individual student how to be better learners in hopes that the influence of lifelong learning habits will be incorporated into their worldviews when they become adults. There are some people in societyRead MoreRoles Responsibilities as a Teacher1356 Words   |  6 Pagesresponsibilities and boundaries. Initial assessment and the identification of individual learners needs is a crucial part of the learning journey. The initial assessment of individual needs helps to identify both learners’ skills against national standards and further diagnostic testing can identify preferred learning styles. The analysis of results can then be used to design an individual programme of learning for the learner which underpins the success of a course and act as a benchmark from which the learner’sRead MoreThe Middle Phase Of Learning1092 Words   |  5 Pagesmany learners are keen to discover and investigate an extensive range of learning experiences. However, some learners begin to lose interest and progress in learning may diminish. The subsequent phase for learners, is filled with challenges. Physical, emotional, intellectual and social issues can impact upon students learning. For learners to be prepared for the senior phase of learning, student’s curiosity and enthusiasm must be nurtured and further opportunities provided to enable learners to gainRead MoreUnderstanding the Relationship Between Teachers and Other Proffessionals in Life Long Learning and Possible Points of Referral for Learners775 Words   |  4 Pagesand other professionals in lifelong learning and possible points of referral for learners. A teachers primary role is to deliver information. The 2003 workload agreement (Woodward and Peart, 2013) not only defined the levels of work a teacher could reasonably expect but also defined the roles which would provide a framework of support to the specifics of the teaching role. Though this applies to secondary education the principles can inform teacher roles in the lifelong learning sector. A teacherRead MoreThe Role Of Nurse Generalist As An Advocate, Delegator, And Life Long Learner1529 Words   |  7 Pages The roles of the nurse generalist as an advocate, delegator, and life-long learner Myunghee Jung Fairmont State University December 11, 2015 â€Æ' There are many professional roles of the nurse generalist that are essential in providing care to patients, such as an advocate, educator, collaborator, and change agent and so on. In every day nursing practice, nurses perform a variety of nursing roles. Meeting role expectations as a professional nurse is for patient-centered care, which is oneRead MoreSelf-Managed Learning in the Context of Lifelong Learning1427 Words   |  6 PagesSELF-MANAGED LEARNING IN THE CONTEXT OF LIFELONG LEARNING Unit 13 Personal Professional Development Introduction NatTrainSolns (NTS) a small but influential management training consultancy agency based in City West Industrial Park, Dublin. We deliver professional educational training to both the public and private business sectors. Our mission is to provide targeted training solutions to meet the needs of our clients, operating under the highest ethical standards and treating our stakeholdersRead MorePtlls 6302, Unit 003 – Using Inclusive Learning and Teaching Approaches in Lifelong Learning1245 Words   |  5 PagesCity and Guilds 6302 Award in Preparing to Teach in the Lifelong Learning Sector Unit 003 – Using Inclusive Learning and Teaching Approaches in Lifelong Learning Assessment Tasks 1-3 By Unit 003 – Using Inclusive Learning and Teaching Approaches in Lifelong Learning Background: 1. Be able to plan inclusive learning and teaching sessions. (1.1) The need of the learners was identified as having to have investigators who could adopt

Lord Of The Flies By William Golding - 1206 Words

Savagery is not a characteristic developed through exposure to a given environment, yet a vile quality that dwells deep within the hearts of everyone. Certain circumstances don’t plant this trait upon us, yet nurture this dark quality until it ravages through us like a vicious disease. Until drawn out, it lies dormant inside of us, civility having compressed it within, yet it still rears it’s ugly head when drastic situations arise. We see this primal characteristic of brutality slowly take hold of the boys on the island until the ‘Lord of the Flies’ has claimed it’s latest victims. Not only Simon and Piggy, but all the boys on the island. Throughout the novel, we see all the boys go from having fun and exhibiting civilized behavior to†¦show more content†¦A third character who was also woven into the tale early on is that of Jack Merridew. We see him at the novel’s onset as arrogant, and even a hint of ambition in his personality sin ce he seems to desperately want the role of leader. A quality which becomes increasingly crucial as the chapters soar by. After losing the vote to Ralph, he insists on turning his uptight group of choir boys into a pack of hunters to catch one of the many pigs on the island, yet when faced with their first potential prey, Jack is unable to bring himself to kill it. This is a major piece of symbolism for this part of the novel since upon further analysis, we can use this as a metaphor of sorts for the constraints that civility still has on the boys at this point and the rules that bind him to virtue; also that Jack sees this whole situation as a fun game of sorts. Similar to Ralph, Jack is unable to see past the haze of innocence into the cruel pessimistic adult world which Piggy seems to live in. As of the first chapter Golding sets the stage for the boys to enjoy the island, yet Piggy’s realism shows us that there is more to come. In a way, Piggy’s ideals can be seen as a foreshadow to events to come with a major subconscious battle of the wits that will occur between our three main characters soon to come. Innocence and childhood wants to prevail for as long as possible, yet once the beast of savagery is unleashed, nothing can stand in it’s path. Although the boys areShow MoreRelatedLord Of The Flies By William Golding869 Words   |  4 PagesLord of the Flies Psychology Sometimes people wear fake personas like a cloak over their shoulders, used to hide what is really underneath. This harsh reality is witnessed in William Golding’s classic Lord of the Flies, a novel that is famous for not only its sickening plot, but also for the emotional breakdowns all of its characters experience. These issues are akin to those shown in certain real-world psychological experiments. A summary of Golding’s Lord of the Flies, combined with the evidenceRead MoreThe Lord Of The Flies By William Golding1347 Words   |  6 Pages The theme of The Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, is the reason society is flawed is because people are flawed. Although Piggy is knowledgeable, he has many flaws including his laziness and physical inabilities. Ralph is an authority seeker. He sets rules and laws, yet does little to enforce them. Ralph wants to be the ruler, without doing the work to enforce his laws. Jack is persistent. He is rude, harsh and violent in or der to get what he wants. He wants to be supreme. Piggy’s flaws areRead MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding1123 Words   |  5 PagesIn the novel Lord of The Flies by William Golding, the characters Ralph, Piggy, and Jack represent important World War II leaders Franklin Roosevelt, Adolf Hitler, and Winston Churchill. Golding, who had served in World War II, was well aware of the savagery created, and used it to base his book on. Ralph represents Franklin Roosevelt , Jack represents Adolf Hitler, and Piggy represents Winston Churchill. Ralph being of the novel’s main protagonist is important in the outcome of the story becauseRead MoreThe Lord Of The Flies By William Golding1065 Words   |  5 PagesThe Lord of the Flies Essay The Lord of the Flies written by William Golding and published on September 17, 1954 is a story told about a group of stranded boys and their fight for survival against the wilderness and themselves. In this story many signs of symbolism are used by Golding to point out certain aspects of society that Golding thought strongly of. This story on first read may just seem to be a survival- esque piece of literature but, on a deeper look one can find Golding’s true motiveRead MoreLord of The Flies by William Golding619 Words   |  2 PagesGovernments are no different; they fight for power just like the rest of us do. They just do it on a much bigger scale. Qualities from Oligarchy, Totalitarianism, Democracy, Dictatorship, and Anarchy governments are used in several parts of Lord of The Flies that represent different characters and different situations. An Oligarchy is a small group of people having control of a country or organization. A Totalitarianism government is a form of government that permits no individual freedom and thatRead MoreThe Lord of the Flies by William Golding1306 Words   |  5 PagesIn The Lord of the Flies, William Golding creates a microcosm that appears to be a utopia after he discharged from the British Royal Navy following World War II. After an emergency landing, Golding places a diverse group of boys on the island that soon turns out to be anything but utopia. The island the boys are on turns out to be an allegorical dystopia with inadequate conditions (Bryfonski 22). The boys reject all lessons they learned from their prior British society, and they turn towards theirRead MoreLord of the Flies by William Golding932 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscussing two particular themes from a novel called Lord of the Flies by William Golding. Lord of the Flies was written in 1954 after World War II. Ruler of the Flies is a purposeful anecdote about something that many readers can’t really describe. Individuals cant choose precisely what. Its either about the inalienable underhanded of man, or mental battle, or religion, or personal inclination, or the creators emotions on war; however William Golding was in the Navy throughout World War II, or perhapsRead MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding1383 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Lord of the Flies is still a Blueprint for Savagery by Eleanor Learmonth and Jenny Tabakoff, the words â€Å"I’m afraid. Of us† first appeared in Golding’s novel 60 years ago. Lord of the Flies by William Golding follows a group of schoolboys trapped on an island after a plane crash during a world war. At the beginning, they celebrate as the y have total autonomy as there are no adults around. They attempt to establish a civilization but when order collapses, they go on a journey from civilizationRead MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding Essay1475 Words   |  6 Pages Outline Introduction Short intro for Lord of the Flies Short intro on Gangs The bullying and group mentality demonstrated in gangs has resemblances to the characters in Lord of the Flies. II. Bullying/Group mentality Gangs Drugs/Loyalty B. Lord of the flies Jack kills the pig/Jack and Ralph fight III. Effects B. Lord of the flies Jack killing the pig aftermath Violence IV. Conclusion Gangs are considered a group of people that have a common link togetherRead MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding760 Words   |  4 PagesLord of the Flies is a hero’s story Lord of the Flies tells a story about a group of school boys who are twelve and younger. They crash on an unknown island whilst they are being evacuated at the dawn of the next world war. Ralph, who is the protagonist of the story, struggles to maintain vestiges of civilization against the call of human nature and savagery. William Golding’s Lord of the Flies is a hero’s story because Ralph, the elected leader of the boys, portrays the archetypal hero, he faces

Migraine Headaches Free Essays

Jaquelyn Ballentine HE 101 Blua 10 November 2008 Migraine headaches What are migraine headaches? Where do they come from? How can you help prevent them? Migraine headaches cannot really just be simplified down to just one classification. There are many determining factors when classifying one. One type of migraine is a migraine without aura; this is probably the most common form of a migraine. We will write a custom essay sample on Migraine Headaches or any similar topic only for you Order Now These migraines can last anywhere between 4-72 hours non-stop, which can be pretty painful. Typical characteristics of this are unilateral location, pulsating quality, moderate or severe intensity, aggravation by routine physical activity and association with nausea and/or photophobia(sensitivity to bright light) or phonophobia(sensitivity to sound or noise). These symptoms can very much interfere with daily life and routines. The next type of a migraine is a migraine with aura, this is the second most commonly seen form of a migraine, and people who suffer from these might also suffer from migraines without aura. The symptoms of a migraine with aura usually follow the symptoms of a migraine without aura. To diagnose this type of migraine it must follow the following criteria 1. Aura consisting of at least one of the following, but no muscle weakness or paralysis: fully reversible visual symptoms (flickering lights, spots, lines, or loss of vision) fully reversible sensory symptoms (pins and needles/numbness) fully reversible dysphasia (speech disturbance) 2. Aura has at least two of the following characteristics: visual symptoms affecting just one side of the field of vision and/or sensory symptoms affecting just one side of the body, at least one aura symptom develops gradually over more than 5 minutes and/or different aura symptoms occur one after another over more than 5 minutes, or each symptom lasts from 5-60 minutes. The signs and symptoms of a migraine vary among different people. Therefore, what is experienced before, during, and after a migraine cannot be exactly defined. There are about 4 phases 1. The prodrome, which occurs hours or days before the headache, 2. The aura, which immediately precedes the headache, 3. The pain phase, also known as the headache phase, and 4. The postdrome. The pendrome phase: prodromal symptoms occur in 40-60% of all migraine sufferers. This phase may consist of altered mood, irritability, depression or euphoria, fatigue, yawning, excessive sleepiness, craving for certain foods (chocolate), stiff muscles (especially in the neck), constipation or diarrhea, increased urination, and other visceral symptoms. These symptoms occur usually between hours and days before the headache. Next is the pain phase. The typical migraine is unilateral, throbbing, and moderate to severe and can be aggravated by physical activity. Though the pain may be bilateral at the onset or start on one side and become generalized. These can last anywhere from 4-72 hours in adults and from about 1-48 hours in children. The frequency of these migraines is extremely variable, from few in an entire life time to several times in a week. Te head pain also varies greatly in intensity. Then postdrome phase: the patient may feel tired; have head pain, feel â€Å"hung-over†, gastrointestinal symptoms, mood changes, and weakness. Some people feel unusually refreshed or euphoric after an attack. Where as others fell depressed. For some patients a 5-6 hour nap may reduce the pain, but slight headaches may still occur when standing or sitting quickly. Normally these symptoms will vanish after rest. Migraines are underdiagnosed and misdiagnosed. The diagnosis of migraine without aura according to the International Headache Society, can be made according to the following criteria, the â€Å"5, 4, 3, 2, 1 criteria†. or more attacks, 4 hours to 3 days in duration, 2 or more of-unilateral location, pulsating quality, moderate to severe pain, aggravation by or avoidance of routine physical activity, 1 or more accompanying symptoms (nausea and/or vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia). A migraine trigger is any factor that, on exposure or withdrawal, leads to the dev elopment of an acute migraine headache. Triggers fall into different categories such as behavioral, environmental, infectious, dietary, chemical, or hormonal. Migraine attacks may be triggered by: allergic reactions, bright lights, loud noises, and certain odors or perfumes, physical or emotional stress, changes in sleep patterns, smoking or exposure to smoke, skipping meals, alcohol, menstrual cycle fluctuations, birth control pills, hormone fluctuations during the menopause transition, tension headaches, foods containing tyramine (red wine, aged cheese, smoked fish, chicken livers, figs, and some beans), MSG or nitrates like bacon hot dogs or salami, and other foods such as chocolate, nuts, peanut butter, avocado, banana, citrus, onions, dairy products, and fermented or picked foods. Conventional treatment usually focuses on three areas: trigger avoidance, symptomatic control, and preventive drugs. Patients often find that the recommended migraine treatments are not 100% effective at preventing migraines, and sometimes may not be affective at all. Once all diagnostic information has been collected and reviewed, then the best course of action can be determined. Whether that may be drugs or simple rest; the treatment varies greatly for each patient so as of right now there is no exact treatment for migraine headaches. Thorough research is being done, and many of the experiments that are being tested are on new drugs to better treat these symptoms. Throughout my family history many of my family members have bean diagnosed with migraine headaches so I have quite an idea of what these â€Å"patients† are going through, seeing as I am one of them. These migraine headaches are extremely painful and can take you away from normal activities such as going outside because the bright light, watching TV because of the noise, or even just studying because of the nerves and other things inside your brain that can have an affect on the migraine. Many treatments have been prescribed to chronic migraine sufferers in my family, but everyone still has yet to find one that has worked efficiently. This is a problem that needs to be fixed. That is one of the main reasons that I plan to pursue my career in becoming a neurosurgeon. The fact that I am a migraine sufferer has an enormous impact on my choice of career and I am determined to go through with it. Too many people suffer everyday from migraine headaches and most people who do not suffer from these do not know the actual pain that is associated with one. Works cited Wikipedia. com – http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Migraine Migraineheadaces. com- http://www. migraineheadache. com/wsym. html Emedicinehealth. com- http://www. emedicinehealth. com/migraine_headache/article_em. htm How to cite Migraine Headaches, Papers

The Effects of the Wto on International Trade free essay sample

And some principles has been produced for service these wide ranges of agreements, the principles formed the basic multilateral trading system. Moreover, the WTO is designed for its member nations to negotiate trade agreements and organizes a Dispute Settlement Body to oversee procedure for specific trade disputes between countries. The WTO also creates principles for promoting the development of multilateral trading. For insistence, the principles of non-discrimination, lower trade barriers, transparent and competitive policies are beneficial for the multilateral trading system. Inevitably, the WTO performs a variety of functions which include managing WTO trade agreements, organizing trade negotiations, supervising state trade policies, technical assistance for low developing countries and dispute settlement, etc. 2. 2 The Ministerial Conferences and decisions The ministerial Conference is the top decision-making institutions in the WTO. The Seattle meeting in 1999 was intended to initiate a new trade liberalization round and aimed to services and agriculture. In this meeting, industrialized countries had an argument with developing countries on core labour standards and environmental policy. The intension occasion caused the failure of the conference. A new round of multilateral trade negotiations was hold in Doha in 2001. It added the issues of labour standards, environmental protection and competition policy in this conference. The Doha Round took more focuses on developing countries and made them more forcefully. It was included proposals for reducing tariffs and adjusting subsidies. The Doha Round put the issues of labour standards and the environment for future consideration. From there, the awareness of environment protection and humanitarian has emphasized by governments and firms. Furthermore, this issue became a critical controversy in the WTO affaires during this long term. Whether these issues should be put in the trade policy has been in dispute. For example, those in favour of trade liberalization believe these issues should be separated from trade even though they are important. On the other side, environmentalists and commercial organizations argue for the inclusion of environment protection cover about global warming limitation and labour standards in trade policy. Fortunately, the labour standards including child labour have put in human rights principles gradually. Morrison, 2006, pp. 332-335) 3. The overall performances of the WTO on global trade 3. 1The WTO’s failures One of the biggest shortages of the WTO is its real problems in its Decision-Making. The WTO’s decision-making has developed of informal discussion in smaller groups. Some of the meetings only refer to small group of the main members in the now notorious ‘Green Roo m’; others are the regional groupings. So its transparency comes under question and most of the developing countries feel them being injustice treatments. In reality, total ransparency can never be achieved because of different national interests countries have. The U. S. economist Andrew Rose argues there no strong evidence can prove that the WTO has motivated trade. Furthermore, some failures of the WTO that the critics said are including: industrial countries restricted exports of developing countries for more than 30 years; it has achieved little trade liberalization in services; dumping, safeguards and subsidies rules in the WTO have been abused and Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) rules are not liberalize enough. From the perspective of procedures, the WTO can just make narrow or controversial decisions due to its slow systems of international negotiation and requirement for same opinions. In addition, the WTO has been shaky on dealing with the increased trade protectionism. Generally, it was concluded that the WTO effects on trade flows are not statistically significant, while Preferential Trade Agreements (PTA) produce strong but uneven. (Rose 2005) Then lastly, the following facts have proved that the recent liberalization rules of trade have caused intensive poverty and inequality on the poorest nations and have damaged their democratic principles to a great extent. For instance, the average income in 59 countries is lower today than 20 years ago; the gap of the income in the less rich countries and poorest ones in 2000 has two times than1960; (United Nations Human Development Report, 1999) 3. 2 The benefits of the WTO on free trade and other social issues Although the WTO has contains a minor flaw. It really has made great contributions to the international trade development. Most of the negative effects such as the increased poverty in the poorest countries have encouraged the WTO to adjust its liberalization of trade policies to reach its objectives. Basically, the WTO has made great efforts to help promote free trade by planning the rules of international trade. Besides, the WTO has also created a strong ability of policy-making and institutional reforms in transition nations. The significant benefits of WTO member nations can gain from a better market access, improved management and dependence on better economic policies. (Bacchetta, 2002) On the other side, it said that the WTO trading system made a great number of positive effects, even though carried a minor flaw. These benefits has been described 10 points, they are: †¢ improved world peaceful; * Satisfied dispute settlement; * Created a more lower costs of life by the freer trade †¢ Made an easier life for the world; * Provided more products and services for choosing; †¢ Increased income; †¢ Motivated economic development and employment growth; * Produced a more efficient life; * Protected governments from lobbying; * Created better government. For instance, the WTO members can achieve tremendous value from it. There is a historical trend of goods trade by some economic groups in 2000-2010 show in Appendix 1. It reflects the rapid rise in the overall trend; especially the Africa countries achieved a huge increased percent. Specifically, these countries can automatically gain Most Favored Nation status, which means they have to make each other at an equal position, and no preferential trade preference can provide. In addition, the lower trade barriers (e. g. tariffs, import quotas and excessive regulations) for the WTO members has created a more open market, increased sales, more employment opportunities and promoted the economic growth. The large proportion of the developing countries in the WTO as well as reduce their competitive stress with the WTO’s assistance. The example of China will be discussed as following section. Moreover, the WTO is significant to deal with conflicts, although recent issues always take more focuses on its role of liberalize bilateral trade (Rose, 2004; Gowa and Kim, 2005; Goldstein et al. , 2007). An effective dispute settlement system can block serious trade conflicts and address the foundation for liberalization assurances. The dispute settlement mechanism of the WTO has been used for dissolving more than 300 trade disputes. The WTO mechanism helps solve these disputes harmoniously and constructively. On the other side, the rules of the WTO trading system are often complained by environmentalists, they said it keeps governments from pursuing forceful environmental protection policies. There is no doubt that the increased global economic can cause much environmental damage. So the WTO makes efforts to build a proper mechanism to balance between the two. It has given a clear space to the boundaries to restrict trade to protect the environment. For example, the sustainable development has been set as one of the basic objectives of the WTO in the Marrakech Agreement. The Agreement on Agriculture and the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) also makes provisions to achieve this objective. The WTO also has made some practical contributions on promoting sustainable environment development. For instance, in order to respond to the complaint from 4 Asian countries in 1997, the WTO ruled that it was a legitimate environmental aim to protect sea turtles, pointed out the U. S. policies and approach were unacceptable because of lacked negotiations and the U. S. did not put all the foreign exporting countries at a same position. Then the U. S. hanged its discriminatory articles, took account of turtle protections terms and started to negotiations with the countries influenced by its law. Finally, the U. S. accepted the WTO’s rules about protection of sea turtles. It was also a successful case to respond to the WTO’s disputes settlement system. In addition, the WTO fights protectionism by its own ways. Protectionism is defined as an e conomic approach of restraining trade between countries which designed reasonable as ‘fair competition’ by adopting tariffs methods, restrictive imports quotas, and a large number of other government rules. Hills. C. A (2007) mentioned the WTO has promoted trade liberalization and fights against protectionism through its rules and policies on trade, disputes settlement system, trade negotiations rounds and accession process. From Adam Smith’s Absolute Advantage Theory and comparative advantage theory to present new trade system, competition policies are playing an important in role in the international trade. Competition policy is defined as government policies and rules aimed at building competition and maintaining the same. It includes measures intended to promote and ensure competitive market conditions. There is no doubt that the WTO has produced effective competition policies help to ensure that the benefits of liberalization and market-based transformations flow through to all. It designed â€Å"antitrust† or â€Å"anti-monopoly† laws for adopting by its members. 3. 3 Analysis of the WTO and China The WTO’s door opened for China on December 11th 2001 and the accession has boost Chinese economy, made great change on its legal and government issues. The analysis of China accession for the 10 years shows as following. In order to entry the WTO, China had to make less tightness of more than 7,000 tariffs, quotas and other non-tariff trade barriers. In general, its GDP has got 4 times than it produced in ten years ago, and the volume of exports has risen almost 6 times to roughly $1. 57 trillion than 10 years before. The more opening market in China also has attracted an increasing number of foreign direct investments (FDI) and this in turn, the FDI can win great returns from the Chinese market. The role of the membership of the WTO has provided an assurance for foreign investors that China also has to obey the rules and policies of the international trading system. Inflows of FDI increased from almost zero in the early 1990s to $108 billion in 2009. For example, as the single largest trading partner of China, American FDI has gained returns of 13. 5% in China, compared with worldwide rate of 9. 7%. Sales of merchandise increased from $10 billion to $545 billion during the period between1990 and 2009. There is a table of Chinese overall trade statistics since its accession show as Appendix 2. Just as the positive implications of WTO on China’s economic development, China’s entry has facilitated the trade between developing nations and these nations have played increasing significant roles in the international trade. The other developing countries in the WTO such as India and some African countries have made progress since their accession as well as China. 4. Conclusion Through reviewing the information of the WTO’s principles, decision-making methods, it can be learned about the WTO is an important international organization even if it has not done well in each side. For a few years, the discussion about the WTO’s effects was a controversial issue. In general, whether its implications on international trade and other areas are good or not, it will be an issue need to stand the rest of time. Word count: 2020 Bibliography: